Clubfoot involves the inward twisting of one or both feet. In some cases, the foot is twisted so severely that it looks as if the top is on the bottom. The condition affects one out of every 1,000 newborns, and is one of the most common birth defects in otherwise healthy babies.
Although the clubfoot and leg are smaller and shorter than normal, the condition isn't painful and it can be corrected with surgery.
The term clubfoot refers to the way the foot is positioned at a sharp angle to the ankle, like the head of a golf club. The condition is easy to identify and is usually apparent at birth, affecting one or both feet.
If only one foot is affected, the clubfoot may be up to 1 centimeter shorter than the other foot. Calf muscles in the child's affected leg are usually underdeveloped.
Doctors don't yet know what causes the condition, which can be mild or severe. If not treated, a child may be forced to walk on the outside edge of the twisted foot.
Surgery is usually performed between the ages of 8 months to 1 year. The doctor makes an incision on the inner side of the foot and repositions the bones. Pins are inserted through the bones to hold them in place until the foot heals.
A long-leg, bent-knee cast is put on to protect the foot and hold it in position.
The usual hospital stay is three to five days. The first cast may be changed 10 days after surgery.
Reviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital.
Last updated
July 14, 2010
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